{"id":11259,"date":"2026-10-16T17:09:00","date_gmt":"2026-10-16T17:09:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/?p=11259"},"modified":"2026-10-16T18:07:05","modified_gmt":"2026-10-16T18:07:05","slug":"biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\/","title":{"rendered":"The brain after a heart-lung machine: biomarkers and blood values, and what two of them showed in a new study in sheep"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<article class=\"wp-block-group bp-blog is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n\n<link rel=\"preconnect\" href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\">\n<link rel=\"preconnect\" href=\"https:\/\/fonts.gstatic.com\" crossorigin>\n<link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Poppins:wght@300;400;500;600;700&#038;display=swap\">\n<style id=\"bp-blog-design\">\n.bp-blog {\n  --bp-ink: #212527; --bp-teal: #005859; --bp-teal-deep: #006B62; --bp-emerald: #228A62;\n  --bp-green: #7CA74D; --bp-lime: #B7CB33; --bp-lime-soft: #B7CB3329; --bp-green-aa: #4F6B28;\n  --bp-beige: #EDEAE5; --bp-sand: #DBD4CB; --bp-pale-teal: #D9E6E6; --bp-white: #FFFFFF;\n  --bp-foot: #6b6b6b;\n  --bp-font: 'Poppins','Segoe UI',Arial,sans-serif;\n  --bp-fs-h1: 40px; --bp-fs-h2: 29px; --bp-fs-h3: 21px; --bp-fs-body: 17px;\n  --bp-fs-lead: 19px; --bp-fs-small: 14px; --bp-fs-foot: 13px; --bp-fs-btn: 17px;\n  --bp-lh-body: 1.75;\n  --bp-s-2: 8px; --bp-s-3: 12px; --bp-s-4: 16px; --bp-s-5: 24px; --bp-s-6: 32px;\n  --bp-s-7: 44px; --bp-s-8: 72px;\n  --bp-measure: 875px; --bp-prose: 875px; --bp-side: 40px; --bp-portrait: 132px;\n  --bp-radius-card: 20px; --bp-radius-btn: 10px; --bp-radius-chip: 999px;\n  --bp-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0,88,89,0.10); --bp-shadow-soft: 0 2px 10px rgba(0,88,89,0.06);\n  font-family: var(--bp-font); font-size: var(--bp-fs-body); line-height: var(--bp-lh-body);\n  color: var(--bp-ink); background: var(--bp-white); -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;\n}\n.bp-blog, .bp-blog * { box-sizing: border-box; }\n.bp-blog p, .bp-blog li, .bp-blog h1, .bp-blog h2, .bp-blog h3, .bp-blog a, .bp-blog td,\n.bp-blog th, .bp-blog cite { overflow-wrap: break-word; min-width: 0; }\n.bp-blog h1, .bp-blog h2, .bp-blog h3 { text-wrap: balance; }\n.bp-blog p, .bp-blog li { text-wrap: pretty; }\n\/* WordPress core's flow layout puts 24px above every child after the first; inside\n   a grid or a flex row that is a misalignment (measured on the scan pages 2026-08-21) *\/\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-author > *, .bp-blog .bp-blog-related > *, .bp-blog .bp-blog-verify > * { margin-block: 0; }\n\n\/* --- sections: one column, the article measure, the section rhythm ------------ *\/\n.bp-blog-sec { position: relative; background: var(--bp-white); margin-block: 0;\n  padding-block: var(--bp-s-7);\n  padding-inline: max(var(--bp-side), calc((100% - var(--bp-measure)) \/ 2)); }\n.bp-blog-sec > *:last-child { margin-block-end: 0; }\n.bp-blog-sec > p, .bp-blog-sec > ul, .bp-blog-sec > ol, .bp-blog-sec > .wp-block-quote,\n.bp-blog-sec > .bp-blog-faq-item, .bp-blog-sec > .bp-blog-takeaways, .bp-blog-sec > .bp-blog-toc,\n.bp-blog-sec > .bp-blog-refs, .bp-blog-sec > .bp-blog-srclead { max-width: var(--bp-prose); }\n.bp-blog-sec--head { padding-block: var(--bp-s-7) 0; }\n.bp-blog-sec--body { padding-block: var(--bp-s-6) var(--bp-s-7); }\n.bp-blog-sec--beige { background: var(--bp-beige); }\n.bp-blog-sec--wash { background: linear-gradient(180deg, #B7CB331A 0%, #B7CB330D 100%), #FFFFFF; }\n.bp-blog-sec--tight { padding-block: var(--bp-s-6); }\n\/* A COLOURED SECTION IS A PANEL, so it carries the panel radius. Measured on the\n   live site 2026-08-28 rather than chosen: bioprofile.com's own coloured blocks\n   come in two families, full-bleed strips (w=1440 edge to edge, radius 0, 40px\n   side padding) and inset panels (the lime block w=677 and the sand block w=576,\n   both radius 16px). Ours cannot be the first: the theme's content wrapper is\n   1140px, so a coloured section here stops 150px short of the screen on both\n   sides and reads as an inset panel with square corners, which is the thing the\n   operator saw. So it takes the panel treatment. The radius is this template's\n   own --bp-radius-card (20px, shared with the scan pages) rather than the site's\n   16px, so the page carries ONE panel radius instead of a third value.\n   The small vertical margin is what lets the corners read where two coloured\n   panels stack (the CTA, the FAQ wash and the sources beige run consecutively). *\/\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-sec--beige, .bp-blog .bp-blog-sec--wash, .bp-blog .bp-blog-cta {\n  border-radius: var(--bp-radius-card); margin-block: var(--bp-s-3); }\n.bp-blog-sec--foot { padding-block: var(--bp-s-5) var(--bp-s-7); border-top: 1px solid var(--bp-sand); }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-rule { height: 6px; border: 0; margin-block: 0; max-width: none;\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #005859 0%, #006B62 38%, #228A62 66%, #B7CB33 100%); }\n\n\/* --- core blocks by element ------------------------------------------------- *\/\n.bp-blog p { font-size: var(--bp-fs-body); line-height: var(--bp-lh-body); margin-block: 0 var(--bp-s-5); }\n.bp-blog h1 { font-size: var(--bp-fs-h1); font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.22; letter-spacing: -0.01em;\n  margin-block: 0 var(--bp-s-4); color: var(--bp-ink); max-width: var(--bp-measure); }\n.bp-blog h2 { font-size: var(--bp-fs-h2); font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.3; letter-spacing: -0.01em;\n  color: var(--bp-ink); margin-block: var(--bp-s-4) var(--bp-s-4); padding-block-start: var(--bp-s-4);\n  position: relative; max-width: var(--bp-prose); }\n.bp-blog h2::before { content: \"\"; position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 56px; height: 4px;\n  border-radius: 2px; background: var(--bp-lime); }\n.bp-blog h3 { font-size: var(--bp-fs-h3); font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.35; color: var(--bp-teal);\n  margin-block: var(--bp-s-2) var(--bp-s-3); max-width: var(--bp-prose); }\n.bp-blog ul, .bp-blog ol { font-size: var(--bp-fs-body); line-height: var(--bp-lh-body);\n  margin-block: 0 var(--bp-s-5); padding-left: var(--bp-s-5); }\n.bp-blog li { margin-block-end: var(--bp-s-2); }\n.bp-blog a { color: var(--bp-teal); text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 2px; }\n.bp-blog a:hover { color: var(--bp-green); }\n.bp-blog strong { font-weight: 600; }\n.bp-blog .wp-block-quote { border-left: 4px solid var(--bp-lime); margin: 0 0 var(--bp-s-5);\n  padding: var(--bp-s-2) 0 var(--bp-s-2) var(--bp-s-5); font-style: normal; }\n.bp-blog .wp-block-quote p { margin-block: 0 var(--bp-s-2); }\n.bp-blog .wp-block-quote cite { font-size: var(--bp-fs-small); color: var(--bp-foot); font-style: normal; }\n.bp-blog .wp-block-table { margin: 0 0 var(--bp-s-5); overflow-x: auto; }\n.bp-blog .wp-block-table table { border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: var(--bp-fs-small); }\n.bp-blog .wp-block-table th, .bp-blog .wp-block-table td { border: 1px solid var(--bp-sand);\n  padding: var(--bp-s-2) var(--bp-s-3); text-align: left; vertical-align: top; }\n.bp-blog .wp-block-table th { background: var(--bp-beige); font-weight: 600; }\n.bp-blog .wp-block-image { margin: 0 0 var(--bp-s-5); }\n.bp-blog .wp-block-image img { display: block; width: 100%; height: auto;\n  border-radius: var(--bp-radius-card); box-shadow: var(--bp-shadow); }\n.bp-blog .wp-block-image figcaption { font-size: var(--bp-fs-foot); line-height: 1.6; color: var(--bp-foot);\n  text-align: left; margin-block: var(--bp-s-2) 0; }\n.bp-blog .wp-block-separator { border: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--bp-sand); margin-block: var(--bp-s-6); }\n\n\/* --- buttons: two classes so core's own rule cannot win ------------------------ *\/\n.bp-blog .wp-block-buttons { display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; margin-block: 0 var(--bp-s-3); }\n.bp-blog .wp-block-button__link { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;\n  min-height: 52px; background: var(--bp-teal); color: var(--bp-white); font-size: var(--bp-fs-btn);\n  font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.2; border-radius: var(--bp-radius-btn); padding: 15px 40px;\n  text-decoration: none; transition: background 250ms ease; box-shadow: var(--bp-shadow); }\n.bp-blog .wp-block-button__link:hover { background: var(--bp-green); color: var(--bp-white); }\n\n\/* --- the head: category, title, the meta line, the picture ------------------- *\/\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-eyebrow { font-size: 15px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.08em;\n  text-transform: uppercase; margin-block: 0 var(--bp-s-3); }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-eyebrow a { color: var(--bp-green-aa); text-decoration: none; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-eyebrow a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-meta { font-size: var(--bp-fs-small); line-height: 1.6; color: var(--bp-foot);\n  margin-block: 0 var(--bp-s-5); max-width: var(--bp-measure); }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-meta a { color: var(--bp-foot); }\n\/* A text link is a thumb target of at least 44px (T332b). It stays INLINE: an\n   inline-block link that wraps turns into a two-line box and breaks the line\n   rhythm of the paragraph (measured 2026-09-17 on the introduction of the\n   bloating article: line gaps 26, 6 and 32px instead of 28). Vertical padding on\n   an inline box enlarges its hit area and leaves the line boxes alone; the\n   padding is set so that the box is 46px whatever the font size (Poppins' content\n   area is 1.4em). The reference marks carry the same box in their own rule. *\/\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-eyebrow a, .bp-blog .bp-blog-ctamicro a, .bp-blog .bp-blog-authormeta a,\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-refs a, .bp-blog .bp-blog-sec--body p > a, .bp-blog .bp-blog-faq-item p > a {\n  display: inline; padding-block: calc(23px - 0.7em); -webkit-box-decoration-break: clone;\n  box-decoration-break: clone; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-hero { margin: 0; max-width: var(--bp-measure); }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-hero img { aspect-ratio: 1200 \/ 630; object-fit: cover; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-lead { font-size: var(--bp-fs-lead); line-height: 1.65; }\n\n\/* --- the key takeaways box, near the top --------------------------------------- *\/\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-takeaways { background: var(--bp-beige); border-radius: var(--bp-radius-card);\n  box-shadow: inset 5px 0 0 var(--bp-teal); padding: var(--bp-s-5) var(--bp-s-5) var(--bp-s-5) var(--bp-s-6);\n  margin-block: 0 var(--bp-s-6); }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-takeaways > * { margin-block: 0; max-width: none; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-takeaways h2 { font-size: 15px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.08em;\n  text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--bp-green-aa); padding-block-start: 0; margin-block: 0 var(--bp-s-3); }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-takeaways h2::before { display: none; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-takeaways ul { padding-left: 20px; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-takeaways li { font-weight: 500; margin-block-end: var(--bp-s-2); }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-takeaways li:last-child { margin-block-end: 0; }\n\n\/* --- the table of contents ------------------------------------------------------ *\/\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-toc { border: 1px solid var(--bp-sand); border-radius: var(--bp-radius-card);\n  padding: var(--bp-s-4) var(--bp-s-5); margin-block: 0 var(--bp-s-6); background: var(--bp-white); }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-toc > * { margin-block: 0; max-width: none; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-toclabel { font-size: 13px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.08em;\n  text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--bp-green-aa); margin-block: 0 var(--bp-s-2); }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-toc ol { padding-left: 20px; font-size: var(--bp-fs-small); line-height: 1.6; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-toc li { margin-block-end: 4px; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-toc a { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; min-height: 44px; text-decoration: none; }\n\/* T332: the contents list is a plain group, not a <nav>: one menu per page is the\n   site's (T229), and page_rules refuses a nav of the page's own *\/\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-toc a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\n\n\/* --- reference marks ----------------------------------------------------------- *\/\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-sup { font-size: 0.68em; line-height: 0; vertical-align: super; }\n\/* the mark's hit area is 46px high (T332b: every thumb control is 44px or more);\n   vertical padding on an inline box leaves the line boxes alone, and no side\n   padding lets neighbouring marks overlap *\/\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-sup a { text-decoration: none; font-weight: 700; color: var(--bp-teal);\n  padding: calc(23px - 0.7em) 0; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-sup a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-sup a + a { margin-left: 1px; }\n\n\/* --- the CTA band to the scan page -------------------------------------------- *\/\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-cta { background: var(--bp-teal); color: var(--bp-white); text-align: center;\n  padding-block: var(--bp-s-8); }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-cta > * { margin-inline: auto; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-cta h2 { color: var(--bp-white); margin-block-start: 0; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-cta h2::before { left: 50%; transform: translateX(-50%); }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-cta > p { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.92); max-width: var(--bp-prose); }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-cta .wp-block-buttons { justify-content: center; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-cta .wp-block-button__link { background: var(--bp-lime); color: var(--bp-ink);\n  box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0,0,0,0.18); }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-cta .wp-block-button__link:hover { background: var(--bp-white); color: var(--bp-teal); }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-ctamicro { font-size: var(--bp-fs-small); color: rgba(255,255,255,0.82) !important;\n  margin-block: 0; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-cta a:not(.wp-block-button__link) { color: var(--bp-lime); }\n\n\/* --- the FAQ ---------------------------------------------------------------------- *\/\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-faq-item { background: var(--bp-white); border: 1px solid var(--bp-sand);\n  border-radius: var(--bp-radius-card); padding: var(--bp-s-4) var(--bp-s-5); margin-block: 0 var(--bp-s-3);\n  box-shadow: var(--bp-shadow-soft); }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-faq-item > * { margin-block: 0; max-width: none; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-faq-item h3 { margin-block: 0 var(--bp-s-2); }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-faq-item p { font-size: 16px; }\n\n\/* --- the sources ------------------------------------------------------------------ *\/\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-srclead { font-size: var(--bp-fs-small); color: var(--bp-foot); }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-refs { font-size: var(--bp-fs-small); line-height: 1.6; padding-left: 22px; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-refs li { margin-block-end: var(--bp-s-3); }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-refs a { font-size: var(--bp-fs-foot); overflow-wrap: anywhere; }\n\n\/* --- the author card (the scan pages' card, three zones) ------------------------- *\/\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-author { display: grid;\n  grid-template-columns: var(--bp-portrait) minmax(0, 220px) minmax(0, 1fr);\n  grid-template-areas: \"photo id bio\" \"meta meta meta\"; gap: var(--bp-s-5) var(--bp-s-6);\n  align-items: start; background: var(--bp-white); border: 1px solid var(--bp-sand);\n  border-radius: var(--bp-radius-card); box-shadow: var(--bp-shadow-soft);\n  padding: var(--bp-s-5); margin-block: 0 var(--bp-s-4); max-width: none; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-author > .wp-block-image { grid-area: photo; margin: 0; width: var(--bp-portrait); }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-author .wp-block-image img { aspect-ratio: 1 \/ 1; object-fit: cover;\n  object-position: 50% 12%; width: var(--bp-portrait); height: var(--bp-portrait); border-radius: 50%;\n  background: var(--bp-pale-teal); border: 2px solid var(--bp-lime); box-shadow: none; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-authorid { grid-area: id; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-authorid > * { margin-block: 0 var(--bp-s-2); max-width: none; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-authorbody { grid-area: bio; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-authorbody > * { margin-block: 0 var(--bp-s-2); max-width: none; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-authormeta { grid-area: meta; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: var(--bp-s-2) var(--bp-s-5);\n  border-top: 1px solid var(--bp-sand); padding-top: var(--bp-s-3); }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-authormeta > * { margin-block: 0; max-width: none; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-authorname { font-size: 20px; font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.3; color: var(--bp-ink); }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-authorrole { font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.08em;\n  text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--bp-green-aa); }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-authorbio { font-size: var(--bp-fs-small); line-height: 1.7; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-dates { font-size: var(--bp-fs-foot); line-height: 1.6; color: var(--bp-foot); }\n@media (max-width: 1023px) {\n  .bp-blog .bp-blog-author { grid-template-columns: var(--bp-portrait) minmax(0, 1fr);\n    grid-template-areas: \"photo id\" \"photo bio\" \"meta meta\"; }\n}\n\n\/* --- verified by: exists only for a real, confirmed verifier ------------------- *\/\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-verify { background: var(--bp-white); border: 1px solid var(--bp-sand);\n  border-radius: var(--bp-radius-card); box-shadow: inset 5px 0 0 var(--bp-lime), var(--bp-shadow-soft);\n  padding: var(--bp-s-4) var(--bp-s-5) var(--bp-s-4) var(--bp-s-6); margin-block: 0 var(--bp-s-4); }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-verify > * { margin-block: 0 var(--bp-s-2); max-width: none; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-verify-name { font-size: 18px; font-weight: 700; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-verify-cred { font-size: var(--bp-fs-small); color: var(--bp-foot); }\n\/* T332, Jesse 2026-09-17: a SMALL box at the top, under the introduction *\/\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-verify--top { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 56px 1fr; column-gap: 14px;\n  align-items: center; padding: 12px 16px; margin-block: var(--bp-s-3); max-width: var(--bp-prose); }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-verify--top > * { margin: 0; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-verify--top .wp-block-image { grid-row: span 3; margin: 0; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-verify--top .wp-block-image img { width: 56px; height: 56px; object-fit: cover; border-radius: 50%; display: block; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-verify--top .bp-blog-verify-name { font-size: var(--bp-fs-small); font-weight: 400; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-verify--top .bp-blog-verify-name a { font-weight: 700; display: inline-block; min-height: 44px; line-height: 44px; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-verify--top .bp-blog-verify-cred { line-height: 1.4; }\n\/* T332b, Jesse 2026-09-17: the date of the check, one small line in the credential's grey *\/\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-verify-date { font-size: var(--bp-fs-foot); line-height: 1.4; color: var(--bp-foot);\n  white-space: nowrap; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-verify--top .bp-blog-verify-date { grid-column: 2; }\n\n\/* --- related articles: a wrapping row of pills, only when there are any --------- *\/\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-related { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: var(--bp-s-3); margin-block: 0; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-related .wp-block-group { flex: 0 1 auto; border: 1px solid var(--bp-sand);\n  border-radius: var(--bp-radius-btn); background: var(--bp-white); padding: 0; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-related p { margin-block: 0; font-size: var(--bp-fs-small); font-weight: 600; }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-related a { display: block; padding: var(--bp-s-3) var(--bp-s-5); text-decoration: none; }\n\n\/* --- legal ---------------------------------------------------------------------- *\/\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-legal { font-size: var(--bp-fs-foot); line-height: 1.7; color: var(--bp-foot);\n  margin-block: 0; max-width: var(--bp-measure); }\n\n\/* --- 767 and below: the type scale, the side padding and the button change ------ *\/\n@media (max-width: 767px) {\n  .bp-blog { --bp-fs-h1: 29px; --bp-fs-h2: 24px; --bp-fs-h3: 19px; --bp-fs-body: 16px;\n    --bp-fs-lead: 17px; --bp-fs-btn: 16px; --bp-side: 20px; --bp-s-8: 48px; --bp-s-7: 36px;\n    --bp-portrait: 96px; }\n  .bp-blog .wp-block-button { width: 100%; }\n  .bp-blog .wp-block-button__link { width: 100%; padding: 15px 20px; }\n  .bp-blog .bp-blog-author { grid-template-columns: 1fr; grid-template-areas: \"photo\" \"id\" \"bio\" \"meta\"; }\n  .bp-blog .bp-blog-takeaways { padding: var(--bp-s-4) var(--bp-s-4) var(--bp-s-4) var(--bp-s-5); }\n}\n@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) { .bp-blog * { transition-duration: 0ms; } }\n\n\/* --- the long read (T354b) ----------------------------------------------------- *\/\n\/* the \"Ook in\" line's link and a link inside a body list (a takeaway, a step) carry\n   the same 46px inline box as a paragraph link (measured 2026-09-21 at 375px: 23px\n   without it); the table of contents keeps its own inline-flex rule. These rules ride\n   with the long read only, so an article's sheet stays as its live posts hold it. *\/\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-alsoin a, .bp-blog .bp-blog-sec--body li > a:not(.bp-blog-toc a) {\n  display: inline; padding-block: calc(23px - 0.7em); -webkit-box-decoration-break: clone;\n  box-decoration-break: clone; }\n\/* T575 Addendum 5: a part's picture (the house image set) opens the part under its\n   heading, the hero's cut and ratio, lazy below the fold. *\/\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-partfig { margin: var(--bp-s-2) 0 var(--bp-s-5); max-width: var(--bp-measure); }\n.bp-blog .bp-blog-partfig img { aspect-ratio: 1200 \/ 630; object-fit: cover; }\n\nbody.single-post .entry-title {\n  font-family: 'Poppins','Segoe UI',Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 40px; font-weight: 700;\n  line-height: 1.22; letter-spacing: -0.01em; color: #212527; text-align: left; max-width: none;\n  padding-inline: max(40px, calc((100% - 875px) \/ 2)); margin-block: 44px 0;\n}\n@media (max-width: 767px) {\n  body.single-post .entry-title { font-size: 29px; padding-inline: 20px; margin-block: 24px 0; }\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n  \"@graph\": [\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Article\",\n      \"@id\": \"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine\/#bp-article\",\n      \"mainEntityOfPage\": {\n        \"@type\": \"WebPage\",\n        \"@id\": \"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine\/\"\n      },\n      \"url\": \"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine\/\",\n      \"headline\": \"Het brein na een hart-longmachine: biomarkers en bloedwaarden, en wat twee ervan lieten zien in een nieuw onde\",\n      \"description\": \"Biomarkers en bloedwaarden na een hart-longmachine: een schapenonderzoek uit Melbourne volgde twee herseneiwitten in het bloed. Wat het toonde en wat niet.\",\n      \"inLanguage\": \"nl-NL\",\n      \"author\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Organization\",\n        \"name\": \"BioProfile\",\n        \"url\": \"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/\"\n      },\n      \"publisher\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Organization\",\n        \"name\": \"BioProfile\",\n        \"url\": \"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/\",\n        \"logo\": {\n          \"@type\": \"ImageObject\",\n          \"url\": \"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/logo.svg\"\n        }\n      },\n      \"datePublished\": \"2026-10-16\",\n      \"dateModified\": \"2026-10-16\",\n      \"articleSection\": [\n        \"Nieuw onderzoek\"\n      ],\n      \"wordCount\": 2462,\n      \"about\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Thing\",\n        \"name\": \"Gezond ouder worden\"\n      },\n      \"citation\": [\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"CreativeWork\",\n          \"name\": \"Furukawa T, Jufar AH, Trask-Marino AL, et al. (24 auteurs, laatste auteur Lankadeva YR). Frontal cortical neuroinflammation and circulating biomarkers following cardiopulmonary bypass in sheep. Intensive Care Medicine Experimental, 2026 (verschenen op 10 oktober 2026). PMID 42859267.\",\n          \"url\": \"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40635-026-00986-2\"\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"CreativeWork\",\n          \"name\": \"Brown CH, Lewis A, Probert JM, et al. Perioperative Neurofilament Light Plasma Concentrations and Cognition before and after Cardiac Surgery: A Prospective Nested Cohort Study. Anesthesiology, 2022.\",\n          \"url\": \"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ALN.0000000000004327\"\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"CreativeWork\",\n          \"name\": \"RIVM. Coronaire hartziekten. VZinfo.nl (geen publicatiedatum op de pagina; het cijfer gaat over 2023).\",\n          \"url\": \"https:\/\/www.vzinfo.nl\/coronaire-hartziekten\"\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"CreativeWork\",\n          \"name\": \"NHS. Coronary artery bypass graft: How it's done. nhs.uk, pagina laatst nagekeken op 3 juli 2025.\",\n          \"url\": \"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/tests-and-treatments\/coronary-artery-bypass-graft\/how-its-done\/\"\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"CreativeWork\",\n          \"name\": \"NHS. Coronary artery bypass graft: Recovery. nhs.uk, pagina laatst nagekeken op 3 juli 2025.\",\n          \"url\": \"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/tests-and-treatments\/coronary-artery-bypass-graft\/recovery\/\"\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"CreativeWork\",\n          \"name\": \"Meng L, Gu T, Yu P, Zhang Z, Wei Z. The role of microglia in Neuroinflammation associated with cardiopulmonary bypass. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 2024.\",\n          \"url\": \"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fncel.2024.1496520\"\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"CreativeWork\",\n          \"name\": \"Elsaafien K, Sloan JM, Evans RG, et al. (laatste auteur Lankadeva YR). Associations Between Systemic and Cerebral Inflammation in an Ovine Model of Cardiopulmonary Bypass. Anesthesia and Analgesia, 2023; 136(4): 802-813.\",\n          \"url\": \"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1213\/ANE.0000000000006379\"\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"CreativeWork\",\n          \"name\": \"Yugeesh Lankadeva, hoogleraar en hoofdonderzoeker van MEGA-HEART, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health. Nieuwsbericht over het MEGA-HEART-project. florey.edu.au, 2025.\",\n          \"url\": \"https:\/\/florey.edu.au\/news\/2025\/04\/a-new-treatment-on-the-way-to-improve-brain-and-kidney-health-outcomes-after-heart-surgery\/\"\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"CreativeWork\",\n          \"name\": \"Simon Iles, intensivist, Royal Melbourne Hospital. Nieuws over het MEGA-HEART-onderzoek. Austin Health, austin.org.au, 2025.\",\n          \"url\": \"https:\/\/www.austin.org.au\/news\/MEGA-HEART-study\/\"\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"CreativeWork\",\n          \"name\": \"Garry Jennings, medisch hoofdadviseur, Heart Foundation (Australi\u00eb). Geciteerd in een nieuwsbericht van het Florey Institute over het MEGA-HEART-project. florey.edu.au, 2025.\",\n          \"url\": \"https:\/\/florey.edu.au\/news\/2025\/04\/a-new-treatment-on-the-way-to-improve-brain-and-kidney-health-outcomes-after-heart-surgery\/\"\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"CreativeWork\",\n          \"name\": \"NHG. Delier. Thuisarts.nl (geen publicatiejaar gezien op de pagina).\",\n          \"url\": \"https:\/\/www.thuisarts.nl\/delier\"\n        }\n      ],\n      \"image\": [\n        \"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-2cf79379.webp\"\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"FAQPage\",\n      \"@id\": \"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine\/#bp-faq\",\n      \"url\": \"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine\/#veelgestelde-vragen\",\n      \"mainEntity\": [\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"Question\",\n          \"name\": \"Wat zijn NfL en GFAP?\",\n          \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n            \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n            \"text\": \"Twee herseneiwitten die in het bloed te meten zijn. NfL is een bouwsteen van zenuwvezels en GFAP hoort bij de steuncellen van het brein, de astrocyten. In het nieuwe schapenonderzoek steeg GFAP snel en daalde de waarde binnen twee dagen weer, terwijl NfL twee dagen na de operatie duidelijk hoger was.\"\n          }\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"Question\",\n          \"name\": \"Laat dit onderzoek zien wat er bij mensen gebeurt?\",\n          \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n            \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n            \"text\": \"Nee. Het onderzoek is gedaan bij schapen. Bij mensen vond een eerder onderzoek bij 167 pati\u00ebnten met een hartoperatie dat een stijging van NfL op de eerste dag na de operatie samenging met een grotere daling van de scores op denktests een jaar later.\"\n          }\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"Question\",\n          \"name\": \"Kan een bloedtest laten zien hoe het met mijn brein gaat na een hartoperatie?\",\n          \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n            \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n            \"text\": \"Dat laat dit onderzoek niet zien. De auteurs noemen het verband tussen de veranderingen in het brein en de bloedwaarden GFAP en NfL voorlopig bewijs van een samenhang die verder onderzoek nodig heeft.\"\n          }\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"Question\",\n          \"name\": \"Is een tekort aan zuurstof in het brein de reden voor de veranderingen?\",\n          \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n            \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n            \"text\": \"Niet in dit onderzoek. De zuurstof in het hersenweefsel veranderde niet duidelijk, en toch waren de afweercellen van het brein na 48 uur geactiveerd. Een overzichtsartikel beschrijft deze afweercellen als de eerste verdedigingslinie van het brein.\"\n          }\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"Question\",\n          \"name\": \"Hoe lang duurt het herstel na een bypassoperatie aan het hart?\",\n          \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n            \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n            \"text\": \"Volgens de NHS duurt het meestal 2 tot 3 maanden om volledig te herstellen.\"\n          }\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"Question\",\n          \"name\": \"Wanneer neem ik contact op met een arts over verwardheid na een operatie?\",\n          \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n            \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n            \"text\": \"Als jij of iemand dicht bij je verward is na een ziekte of een operatie. Thuisarts schrijft dat het vooral bij oudere mensen gebeurt, en dat de huisarts of een andere arts helpt.\"\n          }\n        }\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"BreadcrumbList\",\n      \"@id\": \"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine\/#bp-breadcrumb\",\n      \"itemListElement\": [\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"ListItem\",\n          \"position\": 1,\n          \"name\": \"Home\",\n          \"item\": {\n            \"@type\": \"WebPage\",\n            \"@id\": \"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/\",\n            \"name\": \"Home\"\n          }\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"ListItem\",\n          \"position\": 2,\n          \"name\": \"Longevity nieuws\",\n          \"item\": {\n            \"@type\": \"WebPage\",\n            \"@id\": \"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/category\/longevity-nieuws\/\",\n            \"name\": \"Longevity nieuws\"\n          }\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"ListItem\",\n          \"position\": 3,\n          \"name\": \"Nieuw onderzoek\",\n          \"item\": {\n            \"@type\": \"WebPage\",\n            \"@id\": \"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/category\/longevity-nieuws\/nieuw-onderzoek\/\",\n            \"name\": \"Nieuw onderzoek\"\n          }\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"ListItem\",\n          \"position\": 4,\n          \"name\": \"Het brein na een hart-longmachine: biomarkers en bloedwaarden, en wat twee ervan lieten zien in een nieuw onderzoek bij schapen\",\n          \"item\": {\n            \"@type\": \"WebPage\",\n            \"@id\": \"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine\/\",\n            \"name\": \"Het brein na een hart-longmachine: biomarkers en bloedwaarden, en wat twee ervan lieten zien in een nieuw onderzoek bij schapen\"\n          }\n        }\n      ]\n    }\n  ]\n}\n<\/script>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group bp-blog-sec bp-blog-sec--head is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n\n<p class=\"bp-blog-eyebrow wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/category\/longevity-news\/new-research\/\">New research<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"bp-blog-meta wp-block-paragraph\">Published on 16 October 2026 \u00b7 Last updated on 16 October 2026 \u00b7 Reading time about 13 minutes<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large bp-blog-hero\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"630\" src=\"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-2cf79379.webp\" alt=\"Smiling woman of about 52 cutting fresh fruit in a bright kitchen in the morning light, an image for a story about biomarkers and blood values.\" class=\"wp-image-11229\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-2cf79379.webp 1200w, https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-2cf79379-300x158.webp 300w, https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-2cf79379-1024x538.webp 1024w, https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-2cf79379-768x403.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group bp-blog-sec bp-blog-sec--body is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group bp-blog-takeaways is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">In short<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li>In a new study of biomarkers and blood values in 24 sheep, a period on the heart-lung machine activated the brain&#8217;s own immune cells within 48 hours, while the oxygen in the brain tissue stayed the same. After four weeks, the measurements in the brain no longer clearly differed from those of sheep that had no operation.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n<li>Two brain proteins in the blood each followed their own clock: GFAP was highest at the end of the period on the machine and back to normal after 48 hours, while NfL was clearly higher after 48 hours.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n<li>In people, a rise in NfL in the blood after heart surgery went together with a larger drop in scores on thinking tests a year later.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/free-health-check-tests\/\">A free scan of how you are ageing<\/a> gives you a starting point for your own choices. The scan is not a diagnosis.<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group bp-blog-toc is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n\n<p class=\"bp-blog-toclabel wp-block-paragraph\">Contents<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li><a href=\"#weer-thuis-maar-je-hoofd-is-ergens-anders\">Back home, but your mind is somewhere else<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#je-bent-niet-de-enige\">You are not the only one<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#waarom-het-hoofd-achter-het-hart-aan-kan-lopen\">Why the mind can lag behind the heart<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#wat-bekend-was-en-waar-het-ophield\">What was known, and where it stopped<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#een-nieuw-onderzoek-uit-melbourne\">A new study from Melbourne<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-als-venster-op-het-brein\">Biomarkers and blood values as a window on the brain<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#wat-de-schapen-lieten-zien\">What the sheep showed<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#wat-de-mensen-in-de-zorg-zeggen\">What people in healthcare say<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#wat-het-onderzoek-niet-liet-zien\">What the study did not show<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#wat-je-nu-kunt-doen\">What you can do now<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#veelgestelde-vragen\">Frequently asked questions<\/a><\/li>\n\n<\/ol>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"weer-thuis-maar-je-hoofd-is-ergens-anders\">Back home, but your mind is somewhere else<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"bp-blog-lead wp-block-paragraph\">The operation is behind you. You are home, the wound is closing and every day you walk a little further down the street. Yet in the kitchen, things keep going wrong. You walk into the kitchen and can no longer remember what you came for. You read the same paragraph in the newspaper twice and still cannot say what it was about. The name of someone from the neighbourhood, a name you have known for years, will not come. Your family says you seem far away, and you notice it yourself too: the heart was the part the surgeons needed, so why does it feel as if your head came home later than you did?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">That gap between a body that recovers and a mind that lags behind is the subject of this background article. It is about the brain after heart surgery, about two proteins that can be measured in the blood, and about what a new animal study adds to what was already known.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"je-bent-niet-de-enige\">You are not the only one<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Heart care is part of life for a great many people. In the Netherlands, according to the RIVM on its VZinfo site, there were almost 52,000 hospital admissions in 2023 for a condition of the heart&#8217;s own blood vessels.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">3<\/a><\/sup> Not every admission ends in an operation, but the figure shows how common heart care is.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The operation itself takes a long time. For heart bypass surgery, the NHS writes in its 2025 guidance that the operation usually takes 3 to 6 hours.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">4<\/a><\/sup> The road back is longer still: according to the same 2025 NHS guidance, it usually takes 2 to 3 months to recover fully.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">5<\/a><\/sup> Those are months in which you are back home, and in which the questions in this article come up.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">So if your head seems to be lagging behind your heart, you are in good company. The question researchers are asking is why, and whether something in the blood can show it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"waarom-het-hoofd-achter-het-hart-aan-kan-lopen\">Why the head can lag behind the heart<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In some heart operations, a heart-lung machine takes over the work of the heart and lungs for a while. That saves lives, and it is also a major event for the rest of the body, the brain included. Research has long named two possible reasons for the mental fog afterwards: the brain getting too little oxygen, and an immune reaction in the brain itself.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The brain has its own immune cells, the microglia. A 2024 review describes these cells as the brain&#8217;s first line of defence: the microglia clear away dead cells and direct immune responses, and the microglia probably play a central role in how the brain responds to the heart-lung machine.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"wat-bekend-was-en-waar-het-ophield\">What was known, and where it stopped<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Melbourne group behind the new study had looked at this before, in sheep. In work published in 2023, the heart-lung machine raised the immune system&#8217;s signalling substances in the blood more than anaesthesia and surgery alone did, and the microglia were activated in several areas of the outer layer of the brain, the cerebral cortex.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In people, one blood value had already drawn attention. In 167 patients having heart surgery, a protein called NfL was measured in the blood just before the operation, and again on the first day after it. Patients whose NfL rose after the operation often lost more points on thinking tests one year later.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">That left a gap. How the changes in the brain unfold in the weeks after the machine, and how they relate to proteins in the blood, was poorly described, the authors of the new study write.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">1<\/a><\/sup> A blood value is only useful as a window on the brain if you know what that value reflects, and when. That is the question the new study takes up.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"een-nieuw-onderzoek-uit-melbourne\">A new study from Melbourne<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large bp-blog-partfig\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"630\" src=\"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-s4-4770749d.webp\" alt=\"Man of about 55 talking with a GP of around 50 in a bright consulting room, both smiling.\" class=\"wp-image-11230\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-s4-4770749d.webp 1200w, https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-s4-4770749d-300x158.webp 300w, https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-s4-4770749d-1024x538.webp 1024w, https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-s4-4770749d-768x403.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The new work comes from a team of 24 researchers, with T. Furukawa as first author and Y.R. Lankadeva as senior author. Most of the researchers list the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and the University of Melbourne in Parkville, Australia, and all of the researchers list the Department of Intensive Care at Austin Health in Heidelberg, Australia. There were also co-authors from Monash University in Clayton, the Royal Melbourne Hospital and, in the Netherlands, Amsterdam UMC. The study was published on 10 October 2026 in the journal Intensive care medicine experimental, as a journal article and not as a preprint.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The team did something that is impossible in people. The researchers connected sheep to a heart-lung machine, tracked the oxygen in the brain and two brain proteins in the blood, and then looked at the brain tissue itself, in the same animals, at two points in time: two days and four weeks after the operation. That way you can set a blood value next to what actually happened in the brain.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Why this matters to you: the study does not tell you how your own brain will fare after an operation. What it adds is the timeline. In these sheep, the brain&#8217;s immune response after a heart-lung machine looked like a short wave rather than a lasting state, and meanwhile two proteins in the blood each rose and fell on a clock of their own. If blood values ever come to help track the brain after heart surgery, that timeline is the first thing you need to understand, and it is the idea the rest of this article explains.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-als-venster-op-het-brein\">Biomarkers and blood values as a window on the brain<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large bp-blog-partfig\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"630\" src=\"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-s5-20400850.webp\" alt=\"Woman of about 49 and man of about 54 laughing as they pick out vegetables at an outdoor market.\" class=\"wp-image-11231\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-s5-20400850.webp 1200w, https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-s5-20400850-300x158.webp 300w, https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-s5-20400850-1024x538.webp 1024w, https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-s5-20400850-768x403.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One idea from this study is worth remembering, and it is easy to say and easy to misunderstand: a blood value is a snapshot of something that moves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A biomarker is a substance you can measure, often in the blood, that tells you something about an organ you cannot look into directly. The brain sits behind the skull, and nobody takes a piece of it to see how a patient is doing after an operation. That is why researchers look for proteins that come from brain tissue and turn up in the blood. When such a protein rises, that can be a sign that something is happening in the brain. But a single blood sample only shows the level at the moment the needle goes in. If the protein rises and falls within a few hours, a sample taken a day later can miss the whole event.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The study looked at two such proteins. NfL, short for neurofilament light chain, is a building block of the long fibres of nerve cells. GFAP, short for glial fibrillary acidic protein, belongs to the astrocytes, the support cells of the brain. The researchers describe both as blood markers of the wearing down of nerve tissue.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"wat-de-schapen-lieten-zien\">What the sheep showed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The study was carried out in 24 adult Merino ewes, female sheep. Sixteen were connected to a heart-lung machine, during which the large main artery leaving the heart was clamped for two hours. Eight of these sheep were then followed for 48 hours and eight for four weeks. Another eight sheep had no operation and formed the comparison group.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">First, the oxygen. The researchers tracked how much oxygen reached the brain tissue. The oxygen did not clearly change from its level before the machine, not in the first 48 hours and not over the four weeks either.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">1<\/a><\/sup> Whatever happened in the brain, a lack of oxygen was therefore not the obvious cause in these animals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Second, the brain&#8217;s immune cells. After 48 hours, the microglia in the front part of the cerebral cortex had a less rounded cell body than in the comparison sheep, and the authors read that change in shape as a sign that the cells were activated.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">1<\/a><\/sup> The support cells went the same way: the share of brain tissue taken up by astrocytes with GFAP was clearly larger, about 17 per cent against 10 per cent in the comparison sheep.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">1<\/a><\/sup> After four weeks, neither measurement still clearly differed from the comparison sheep.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Then the blood. Two examples show why the moment of measuring decides everything here.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Example one is GFAP, the fast signal. In the blood, GFAP was highest right at the end of the time on the heart-lung machine, with a median of about 14.4 picograms per millilitre against about 3.0 before the operation, almost five times as high. After 48 hours the GFAP level was back to normal.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">1<\/a><\/sup> Think about what that means. A GFAP level taken two days after the operation would have looked perfectly ordinary, while at that same moment the brain tissue was still showing activated immune cells.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Example two is NfL, the slower signal. NfL rose from a median value of about 138 picograms per millilitre before the operation to about 198 after 48 hours, a clear rise.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">1<\/a><\/sup> The summary reports no NfL value at the end of the period on the machine. What the summary does show is that two proteins from the same brain, measured in the same animals, followed a different clock: one protein went up and down within two days, the other was still raised on day two.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Put the two examples side by side and the idea becomes concrete. If you ask one blood sample &#8220;has the brain been affected?&#8221;, the answer depends on which protein you measure and at what hour you measure it. That is why the authors are cautious. The authors call the link between these changes in the brain and the blood values GFAP and NfL preliminary evidence of an association that needs further research.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"wat-de-mensen-in-de-zorg-zeggen\">What people in healthcare say<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The researchers did not start with sheep. The starting point was patients. In 2025 the senior author put it like this, speaking about the group&#8217;s MEGA-HEART research project and so not about this article:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Many people wake up after life-saving heart surgery confused, forgetful and restless.<\/p>\n<cite>Yugeesh Lankadeva, professor and lead researcher of the MEGA-HEART project, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An intensive care doctor who once had heart surgery describes the same thing from the hospital bed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">After the operation, you are a different person for a while.<\/p>\n<cite>Simon Iles, intensivist and former heart surgery patient, Royal Melbourne Hospital\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">And the Heart Foundation in Australia hears it from patients:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Anecdotally, people often complain that their mental abilities are &#8216;not quite right&#8217;.<\/p>\n<cite>Garry Jennings, Professor and Chief Medical Adviser, Heart Foundation (Australia)\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The sheep study gives those words a biological trail to follow, nothing more.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"wat-het-onderzoek-niet-liet-zien\">What the study did not show<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li>It is an animal study. Sheep are not people, and the summary reports no thinking or memory tests in the animals. Whether these changes in the brain went together with confusion in the sheep is not reported.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n<li>It is small: eight sheep per group, and only female sheep.<\/li>\n\n\n<li>The tissue measurements are only reported for the front part of the cerebral cortex.<\/li>\n\n\n<li>Different animals were examined at 48 hours and at four weeks, so no single sheep was followed over time in the brain tissue.<\/li>\n\n\n<li>It shows a link between changes in the brain and blood values across groups, not that a blood value reliably reflects the brain of one individual. The authors call it preliminary.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n<li>In people, the earlier study of 167 patients points in a similar direction for NfL, but that study measured thinking scores, not brain tissue.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n<li>BioProfile read the abstract through the PubMed record; the full text was not opened, so details beyond the abstract are not reported here. No press release about this article was found.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"wat-je-nu-kunt-doen\">What you can do now<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large bp-blog-partfig\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"630\" src=\"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-s6-a82d0163.webp\" alt=\"Two friends of around 50 walking briskly and laughing along a wide North Sea beach.\" class=\"wp-image-11232\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-s6-a82d0163.webp 1200w, https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-s6-a82d0163-300x158.webp 300w, https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-s6-a82d0163-1024x538.webp 1024w, https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-s6-a82d0163-768x403.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">None of these three directions is a prescription.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">First: if you are facing heart surgery, or someone close to you is, know that a foggy head afterwards is something researchers take seriously and study. Before you go home, ask the care team what it sees in its own patients in the weeks after the operation, and who you can call if something worries you.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Second: if you or someone close to you is confused after an illness or an operation, that is a reason to contact your GP or another doctor. Thuisarts writes that it happens mainly in older people.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Third: look at the longer road. Whether you age well is not decided by one operation, and blood values are only one window onto it. The open question is how you are ageing now, and where you would start. A free BioProfile healthy ageing scan gives you a starting point for that question, as self-insight for your own choices. The scan is not a diagnosis.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group bp-blog-sec bp-blog-cta is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">See where you stand today<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Answer the questions in the free scan and see your starting point in your dashboard. It is self-insight for your own choices. The scan is not a diagnosis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/scan-lifestyle-test\/\">Start the free scan<\/a><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"bp-blog-ctamicro wp-block-paragraph\">Free, about 3 minutes. An analysis of your answers, never a diagnosis. <a href=\"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/free-health-check-tests\/\">All health scans<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group bp-blog-sec bp-blog-sec--wash is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"veelgestelde-vragen\">Frequently asked questions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group bp-blog-faq-item is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What are NfL and GFAP?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Two brain proteins that can be measured in the blood. NfL is a building block of nerve fibres, and GFAP belongs to the brain&#8217;s support cells, the astrocytes. In the new sheep study, GFAP rose quickly and the value fell again within two days, while NfL was clearly higher two days after the operation.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group bp-blog-faq-item is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Does this study show what happens in people?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">No. The study was done in sheep. In people, an earlier study of 167 patients who had heart surgery found that a rise in NfL on the first day after the operation went together with a larger drop in scores on thinking tests a year later.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group bp-blog-faq-item is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Can a blood test show how my brain is doing after heart surgery?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This study does not show that. The authors call the link between the changes in the brain and the blood values GFAP and NfL preliminary evidence of an association that needs further research.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group bp-blog-faq-item is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Is a lack of oxygen in the brain the reason for the changes?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Not in this study. The oxygen in the brain tissue did not clearly change, and yet the brain&#8217;s immune cells were activated after 48 hours.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">1<\/a><\/sup> A review article describes these immune cells as the brain&#8217;s first line of defence.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group bp-blog-faq-item is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How long does recovery take after heart bypass surgery?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">According to the NHS, it usually takes 2 to 3 months to recover fully.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group bp-blog-faq-item is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">When should I contact a doctor about confusion after an operation?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If you or someone close to you is confused after an illness or an operation. Thuisarts writes that it happens mostly in older people, and that the GP or another doctor can help.\u2060<sup class=\"bp-blog-sup\"><a href=\"#bronnen\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group bp-blog-sec bp-blog-sec--beige bp-blog-sec--tight is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"bronnen\">Sources<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"bp-blog-srclead wp-block-paragraph\">Every source below was checked on the day this article was published. The numbering follows the text.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list bp-blog-refs\">\n\n<li>Furukawa T, Jufar AH, Trask-Marino AL, et al. (24 authors, last author Lankadeva YR). Frontal cortical neuroinflammation and circulating biomarkers following cardiopulmonary bypass in sheep. Intensive Care Medicine Experimental, 2026 (published on 10 October 2026). PMID 42859267. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40635-026-00986-2\">doi.org\/10.1186\/s40635-026-00986-2<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li>Brown CH, Lewis A, Probert JM, et al. Perioperative Neurofilament Light Plasma Concentrations and Cognition before and after Cardiac Surgery: A Prospective Nested Cohort Study. Anesthesiology, 2022. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ALN.0000000000004327\">doi.org\/10.1097\/ALN.0000000000004327<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li>RIVM. Coronaire hartziekten. VZinfo.nl (no publication date on the page; the figure refers to 2023). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vzinfo.nl\/coronaire-hartziekten\">vzinfo.nl<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li>NHS. Coronary artery bypass graft: How it&#8217;s done. nhs.uk, page last reviewed on 3 July 2025. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/tests-and-treatments\/coronary-artery-bypass-graft\/how-its-done\/\">nhs.uk<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li>NHS. Coronary artery bypass graft: Recovery. nhs.uk, page last reviewed on 3 July 2025. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/tests-and-treatments\/coronary-artery-bypass-graft\/recovery\/\">nhs.uk<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li>Meng L, Gu T, Yu P, Zhang Z, Wei Z. The role of microglia in Neuroinflammation associated with cardiopulmonary bypass. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 2024. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fncel.2024.1496520\">doi.org\/10.3389\/fncel.2024.1496520<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li>Elsaafien K, Sloan JM, Evans RG, et al. (last author Lankadeva YR). Associations Between Systemic and Cerebral Inflammation in an Ovine Model of Cardiopulmonary Bypass. Anesthesia and Analgesia, 2023; 136(4): 802-813. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1213\/ANE.0000000000006379\">doi.org\/10.1213\/ANE.0000000000006379<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li>Yugeesh Lankadeva, professor and lead researcher of MEGA-HEART, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health. News item on the MEGA-HEART project. florey.edu.au, 2025. <a href=\"https:\/\/florey.edu.au\/news\/2025\/04\/a-new-treatment-on-the-way-to-improve-brain-and-kidney-health-outcomes-after-heart-surgery\/\">florey.edu.au<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li>Simon Iles, intensivist, Royal Melbourne Hospital. News about the MEGA-HEART study. Austin Health, austin.org.au, 2025. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.austin.org.au\/news\/MEGA-HEART-study\/\">austin.org.au<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li>Garry Jennings, Chief Medical Adviser, Heart Foundation (Australia). Quoted in a news item from the Florey Institute about the MEGA-HEART project. florey.edu.au, 2025. <a href=\"https:\/\/florey.edu.au\/news\/2025\/04\/a-new-treatment-on-the-way-to-improve-brain-and-kidney-health-outcomes-after-heart-surgery\/\">florey.edu.au<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li>NHG. Delier. Thuisarts.nl (no publication year seen on the page). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thuisarts.nl\/delier\">thuisarts.nl<\/a><\/li>\n\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"bp-blog-srcnote wp-block-paragraph\">Quotations from English have been translated by BioProfile.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group bp-blog-sec bp-blog-sec--tight is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Also read<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group bp-blog-related is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/female-hormonal-health-iron-and-your-cycle\/\">Female hormonal health and iron: what a new review says about hormones and hepcidin<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/heart-rate-and-fitness-talking-therapy-heart-rhythm\/\">Heart rate and fitness: can talking therapy change your heart rhythm?<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/transcendental-meditation-at-work\/\">Transcendental Meditation at work: what six months among university staff showed<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/healthy-blood-pressure-american-heart-association-advisory\/\">Healthy blood pressure: why so few people reach it, and the new chart from the American Heart Association<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group bp-blog-sec bp-blog-sec--foot is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n\n<p class=\"bp-blog-legal wp-block-paragraph\">BioProfile analyses your health status to guide you and your coach. It does not make a diagnosis, only a doctor can do that. Built on validated health questionnaires; the combined BioProfile score is not itself a validated clinical instrument yet. Your answers stay private (GDPR).<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/article>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Biomarkers and blood values after a heart-lung machine: a sheep study from Melbourne tracked two brain proteins in the blood. What it showed and what it did not.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":11229,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"2","_yoast_wpseo_opengraph-image":"","_yoast_wpseo_opengraph-image-id":"","_yoast_wpseo_twitter-image":"","_yoast_wpseo_twitter-image-id":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[114],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11259","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-new-research"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Biomarkers and blood values: the brain after heart surgery | BioProfile<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Biomarkers and blood values after a heart-lung machine: a sheep study from Melbourne tracked two brain proteins in the blood. What it showed and what it did not.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Biomarkers and blood values: the brain after heart surgery | BioProfile\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Biomarkers and blood values after a heart-lung machine: a sheep study from Melbourne tracked two brain proteins in the blood. What it showed and what it did not.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Bioprofile.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-10-16T17:09:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-10-16T18:07:05+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-2cf79379.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"630\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"BioProfile\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"BioProfile\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"15 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/en\\\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/en\\\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"BioProfile\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/065d19d1370887c2f8ccbe0f3936e44b\"},\"headline\":\"The brain after a heart-lung machine: biomarkers and blood values, and what two of them showed in a new study in sheep\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-10-16T17:09:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-10-16T18:07:05+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/en\\\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":3040,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/en\\\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/10\\\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-2cf79379.webp\",\"articleSection\":[\"New research\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/en\\\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/en\\\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\\\/\",\"name\":\"Biomarkers and blood values: the brain after heart surgery | BioProfile\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/en\\\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/en\\\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/10\\\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-2cf79379.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-10-16T17:09:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-10-16T18:07:05+00:00\",\"description\":\"Biomarkers and blood values after a heart-lung machine: a sheep study from Melbourne tracked two brain proteins in the blood. What it showed and what it did not.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/en\\\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/en\\\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/en\\\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/10\\\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-2cf79379.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/10\\\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-2cf79379.webp\",\"width\":1200,\"height\":630,\"caption\":\"Lachende vrouw van ongeveer 52 snijdt vers fruit in een lichte keuken bij ochtendlicht, een beeld bij een verhaal over biomarkers en bloedwaarden.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/en\\\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/en\\\/home-2026\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"The brain after a heart-lung machine: biomarkers and blood values, and what two of them showed in a new study in sheep\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"Bioprofile.com\",\"description\":\"Live longer, stay younger\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/en\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Bioprofile.com\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/en\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/08\\\/logo.svg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/08\\\/logo.svg\",\"width\":173,\"height\":48,\"caption\":\"Bioprofile.com\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bioprofile.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/065d19d1370887c2f8ccbe0f3936e44b\",\"name\":\"BioProfile\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/61f7f5ba104d4318df5de2184dc4b955dcb95b58a27144452499b28ececb562a?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/61f7f5ba104d4318df5de2184dc4b955dcb95b58a27144452499b28ececb562a?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/61f7f5ba104d4318df5de2184dc4b955dcb95b58a27144452499b28ececb562a?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"BioProfile\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Biomarkers and blood values: the brain after heart surgery | BioProfile","description":"Biomarkers and blood values after a heart-lung machine: a sheep study from Melbourne tracked two brain proteins in the blood. What it showed and what it did not.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Biomarkers and blood values: the brain after heart surgery | BioProfile","og_description":"Biomarkers and blood values after a heart-lung machine: a sheep study from Melbourne tracked two brain proteins in the blood. What it showed and what it did not.","og_url":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\/","og_site_name":"Bioprofile.com","article_published_time":"2026-10-16T17:09:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-10-16T18:07:05+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":630,"url":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-2cf79379.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"author":"BioProfile","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"BioProfile","Est. reading time":"15 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\/"},"author":{"name":"BioProfile","@id":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/065d19d1370887c2f8ccbe0f3936e44b"},"headline":"The brain after a heart-lung machine: biomarkers and blood values, and what two of them showed in a new study in sheep","datePublished":"2026-10-16T17:09:00+00:00","dateModified":"2026-10-16T18:07:05+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\/"},"wordCount":3040,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-2cf79379.webp","articleSection":["New research"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\/","url":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\/","name":"Biomarkers and blood values: the brain after heart surgery | BioProfile","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-2cf79379.webp","datePublished":"2026-10-16T17:09:00+00:00","dateModified":"2026-10-16T18:07:05+00:00","description":"Biomarkers and blood values after a heart-lung machine: a sheep study from Melbourne tracked two brain proteins in the blood. What it showed and what it did not.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-2cf79379.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/bp-blog-biomarkers-en-bloedwaarden-brein-na-hart-longmachine-2cf79379.webp","width":1200,"height":630,"caption":"Lachende vrouw van ongeveer 52 snijdt vers fruit in een lichte keuken bij ochtendlicht, een beeld bij een verhaal over biomarkers en bloedwaarden."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/biomarkers-blood-values-brain-after-heart-lung-machine\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/home-2026\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"The brain after a heart-lung machine: biomarkers and blood values, and what two of them showed in a new study in sheep"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/","name":"Bioprofile.com","description":"Live longer, stay younger","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/#organization","name":"Bioprofile.com","url":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/logo.svg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/logo.svg","width":173,"height":48,"caption":"Bioprofile.com"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/065d19d1370887c2f8ccbe0f3936e44b","name":"BioProfile","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/61f7f5ba104d4318df5de2184dc4b955dcb95b58a27144452499b28ececb562a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/61f7f5ba104d4318df5de2184dc4b955dcb95b58a27144452499b28ececb562a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/61f7f5ba104d4318df5de2184dc4b955dcb95b58a27144452499b28ececb562a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"BioProfile"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11259","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11259"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11259\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11533,"href":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11259\/revisions\/11533"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11229"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11259"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11259"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bioprofile.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11259"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}